Touching BasesAugust 24, 2010
Contrasting Swing Zones
By Jeremy Greenhouse

One of my favorite players in baseball is a gritty corner outfielder who plays for my hometown team, and although fans derided him as a backup during the off-season, he's proven the doubters wrong so far by playing in 116 games in spite of his lack of power and ridiculed style of hitting. I decided to compare him to Brett Gardner.

FrancoeurGardner.png

What you see above are the players with the highest swing rate in the league (60.9%) and the lowest (31.1%). The contour lines indicate the area inside which each batter is 50% likely to swing at a pitch. This means that a pitch that might hit Jeff Francoeur's knee, and he's as likely to swing at it as a pitch right down the pipe to Gardner.

These graphs are all from the catcher's point of view, and the handedness of the batter is indicated by which side his name is on.

Finding players who have the biggest and smallest swing zones is the easy part. What about inside/outside? For interesting left-handed hitters, that's Andres Torres and Justin Morneau who differ most sharply.

TorresMorneau.png

As for righties, Michael Young and Shane Victorino are notable. Victorino, like Torres, is a switch-hitter, but I only included pitches when they were batting from the relevant side of the plate.

victorinoyoung.png

I was surprised to learn that Colby Rasmus extends his 50-50 swing zone a foot below the strike zone. Ronny Paulino hits from the opposite batter's box which makes his zone appear shifted, but it's actually very similar to that of Rasmus, but shifted a foot up.

RasmusPaulino.png

And the only player to compare to Pablo Sandoval is himself.

sandoval.png

Comments

"This means that a pitch that might hit Jeff Francoeur's knee, and he's as likely to swing at it as a pitch right down the pipe to Gardner."

Not to nitpick or anything, but that's not true. While you can say with a level of confidence that Gardner will swing at a pitch down the middle 50% of the time, that's not the same as Francoeur swinging at a pitch coming toward his knee. The 50% swing probability distribution is much more spread out for Francoeur, and the contour lines only show where the batter swings 50% of the time on average, not in every single area within the contours.

Otherwise, this is a cool idea / visual representation of swing-heavy hitters. I think filled contour plots would be able to visually describe what I mentioned above ;)

Albert, I'm not sure I follow your point, but I readily admit I was engaging in some hyperbole with regards to Francoeur. Thanks for commenting.

Do the contour lines represent 50% of Francoeur's swings? Or do they represent the area wherein Francoeur swings (at least) 50% of the time? If the latter, then my earlier comment should be retracted.

Neat stuff Jeremy. Would love to see someone like Pujols or Youkilis' chart sometime. Just to see how often they swing at stuff out of the zone.

Albert, the two things you describe are the same. It is impossible for an area inside a contour line to be predicted at less than 50% or else the contour line would not encircle that part of the graph.

Mr. Jorgan, their zones are probably what you would expect.

Is your first sentence sarcastic? Yes, right? In those 119 games he's hitting .230/.286/.366. As a Met fan just have to put that out there.

The funny thing was, coming into this season, the "conventional wisdom" was that Gardner was going to have to get a little more aggressive to succeed in the majors. Show pitchers they can't just throw him three fastballs down the middle.

And yet...

I would totally sue my plastic surgeon if my name were Francoeur Gardner.

Really great visuals, Jeremy. How are you making them? I dabble with PFX and I love stuff like this.

It's easy to slam Francouer swing at a pitch headed for his knee, but shouldn't Gardner be swinging at those fat fat pitches 80% of the time (or whatever) instead of only 50%?

Expanding on the prior post a bit, one of the stats I've never seen is how often various batter don't swing at fat pitches. We have ZSw% at Fangraphs, but that includes all strikes--hitters strikes and pitchers strikes. These are 2 different animals in terms of how often a batter should swing.

Can you generate a fat pitch circle--a bit larger than the circle for Gardner, I would think--and show how often batters swing at these pitches?

Cyclones, no sarcasm. I love Francoeur.

Rob, that might have been the conventional belief, but the conventional wisdom was that Gardner was awesome.

Chris, I use R.

DCS, funny, I was just talking about Gardner's approach with some smart baseball people, and the answer is probably no, he should not swing more often. Instead, more people should be willing to take called third strikes.

What you suggest about generating a fat pitch circle would be much more complicated than what you outline. I'll think about it.

Yes, batters should take more called third strikes, but only on pitches at the margin that are as likely to be called a ball or a strike. Certainly not on fat fastballs down the pipe. Batters shouldn't let these go by very often, even on the first pitch.